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Colon painted an overall positive picture of the Denver-based center that opened in 2017 to deal with abuse allegations in Olympic sports. She pointed to the 1,900 people who have been sanctioned and listed on the center’s disciplinary database.

“And we have pioneered a shift to a safer sports culture over the last six years,� she said at the hearing in Washington.

Her testimony was followed by presentations from a group of advocates critical of the center.

Grace French, a survivor of who founded , said many athletes who reported abuse to the center “didn’t understand what the process was.�

“And there was a loss of trust throughout that process,� she said.

French's comments mirrored some feedback the commission received over the past several months from 3,007 responses to questionnaires it sent to athletes, coaches and administrators in the Olympic world. It wrote a draft analysis, a copy of which was obtained by The Associated Press, based on the feedback. The first item in the analysis was labeled “SafeSport lacks.�

It said 50.6% of the more than 1,750 people who responded to questions about the center were neutral, disagreed, or strongly disagreed with the question of whether SafeSport was meeting its goals.

“In conclusion, this data paints a picture of a center in potential crisis. The U.S. Center for SafeSport, while recognized by some, is not overwhelmingly seen as effective,� the analysis reads.

The analysis cited what it called an “unsettlingly low� 7.3% of respondents who found the center to be “extremely effective.� That number jumped to 32.6% when adding those who labeled the center ‘very effective.’ That compared to 63.8% of 1,770 respondents who said the U.S. Anti-Doping Agency was extremely or very effective. USADA was founded in 2000 to help combat illicit drug use in sports.

“In summary, while USADA enjoys robust confidence in its role in anti-doping, SafeSport grapples with mixed perceptions concerning its effectiveness in ensuring athlete safety,� the analysis said.

The commission will produce a full report with recommendations and possible proposed legislation next spring. Results and conclusions from its survey, which was not shared with witnesses before Wednesday’s hearing, will help the commission shape its report.

The survey also was critical of the U.S. Olympic and Paralympic Committee, focusing on a general lack of understanding among athletes and coaches about how the system works and how money is allocated.

Hundreds of responses concerned lack of funding for Olympic athletes and highlighted the problems the U.S. faces as one of a handful of countries that do not use government funding to support their Olympic team.

Only 19% of athletes had access to sponsorship deals, a distribution that “points toward a need for diversified and consistent income streams for athletes,� the analysis said.

Donald Fehr, the former leader of the MLB and NHL players' unions, testified that reforms he helped steer as a member of a U.S. Olympic panel in the early 2000s haven't changed the imbalance between athletes and administrators.

“Did it work?� he asked of the package of reforms set in motion in 2003. “All you have to do is look around the room, because if it did, we wouldn’t be here.�

Criticisms of the SafeSport Center at the hearing included its reliance on “administrative closures.� Nearly 38% of cases it investigated between 2017 and 2022 ended this way, meaning SafeSport made no findings, imposed no sanctions and there was no public record of the allegation. The length of time it takes the center to close some cases — some take a year or more — also came under scrutiny.

"Once a complaint is filed, the extreme amount of time it takes constitutes a denial of due process," said Ed Williams, the former chair of the USOPC athlete advisory council. “You can’t have things sitting out there for a year or more, or drop a stone down a well and never hear the splash."

Colon said the center, which operates on a budget of $23 million a year, mostly funded by the USOPC and its 50 satellite sports organizations, will receive around 7,000 reports this year – after receiving around 300 in the year it opened. The huge increase is a sign, Colon said, that people trust the center. She said the center is improving its turnaround time on cases, but also that it needs more resources.

“At the rate we are seeing more reports coming in, I think we are kind of staring down a barrel right now of, like, what’s going to happen next?� she said.

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